Navid KermaniMoises Saman
Einbruch der Wirklichkeit. Auf dem Flüchtlingstreck durch Europa
[Upheaval. The Refugee Trek Through Europe]

Navid Kermani occupies quite a unique position in the German public sphere. As a German Muslim of Iranian parentage, he has given his German audience one of the most subtle elucidations of Islam (God is Beautiful, 1999; English translation 2015). In a host of newspaper articles and books, Kermani has documented the "religious turn" (Aleida Assmann), the return of authentic religious viewpoints in political and cultural discourses, and a rethinking of the relationship between the Enlightenment and religion. He has also explained and commented upon the proliferation of religiously based, terrorist fundamentalism since 2001 and the ensuing wars and crises.

Kermani’s essayistic work is inspired by the history of German and European "encounters" with Islamic culture. In the spirit of Lessing, he emphasizes the ties between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, tracing the reception of Islam in German literature (Between Quran and Kafka, 2015; English translation 2016). On the anniversary of the promulgation of Germany’s Basic Law, he held a speech in the Bundestag in the grand tradition of critical thinking, offering an excursion into contemporary history while developing, and himself embodying, the ideal type of a Muslim German intellectual. In novels and stories he incorporates the motif of faith in a secular era, focuses on narrative mysticism, and examines his own life and work as a German intellectual. He even raised some eyebrows and caused a commotion at the Peace Prize ceremony of the German Book Trade when he asked the audience to rise and say a pray together at the end of his acceptance speech.

His ambitious reportage about the refugee trail to Europe first appeared in 2015 in Der Spiegel magazine. It later appeared in book form, slightly expanded and illustrated with impressive photos by Magnum photographer Moises Saman. Navid Kermani sets aside any conceptual apparatus and develops an unpretentious style of reporting as simple as it is expressive. Kermani is well-aware of his predecessors in the psychological profiling of refugees – Joseph Roth, Bertolt Brecht and Herta Müller, to name a few – but his portraits are almost more physiological: he simply describes, letting the reader draw his own conclusions. Without eschewing pathos, his text is never kitschy. Indeed, such categories would never occur to author or reader, as the fates of the refugees weigh too heavily.

Kermani mentions several times that Europeans are lucky and spoiled at once, having not had a war for three generations. He describes in minute and precise accounts the situation in Germany, without falling into cynicism, and he sees the convergence of future developments beyond the heady "welcoming culture," predictions which, scarcely a year after his penning them, have now become reality: Europe’s isolation, a swing to the right and authoritarian ambitions across the continent, attacks on refugee homes too numerous to count. Kermani chose the title "Enter Reality," and in sober, sometimes touching episodes he describes a curious new epoch for Europeans, one that so many individuals are not intellectually and morally prepared for, ultimately finding more appeal in neo-national rabble-rousers: "There is war at the southern and eastern borders of our ghetto of affluence, and every individual refugee is its messenger. They are the point that reality enters our consciousness." Only if Europe stands together, Kermani implores his readers, can the situation be mitigated – yet just a few months later, this pious hope seems to have foundered in the face of this new reality.

Navid Kermani observes and describes precisely the many helpers active in Germany, Greece and Turkey. He often diagnoses the need to "do good because it feels good." He sees plenty of profiteering and criminal smuggling. But he also sees an authentic desire to help among the local population and organized relief workers.

The citizens of Europe are in the midst of a new, existential reality. Navid Kermani has created an enduring monument in a fleeting genre about a turning point in European history, a modest and insightful example of humanism in European letters.